Why dmitri mendeleev famous

He also worked to develop the Russian coal industry. Mendeleev was married twice. He wed Feozva Nikitchna Leshcheva in , but the couple divorced after 19 years. He married Anna Ivanova Popova the year after the divorce, in He had a total of six children from these marriages. In at age 72, Mendeleev died from the flu. He was living in St.

Petersburg at the time. His last words, spoken to his doctor, reportedly were, "Doctor, you have science, I have faith. Mendeleev, despite his achievements, never won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In fact, he was passed over for the honor twice.

The Periodic Table did not gain acceptance among chemists until Mendeleev's predictions for new elements were shown to be correct. After gallium was discovered in and germanium in , it was clear that the table was extremely accurate. By the time of Mendeleev's death, the Periodic Table of Elements was internationally recognized as one of the most important tools ever created for the study of chemistry.

Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Use precise geolocation data. Select personalised content. Create a personalised content profile. Measure ad performance. Select basic ads. Create a personalised ads profile. He also emphasized a necessity to calculate atomic weights of metals more precisely Makarenya, , p. It resulted in the acceptance of his new atomistic-molecular theory by the chemists in the future.

Basic assumptions of this theory Cannizzaro included in his work entitled Sketch of a Course of Chemical Philosophy published in Cannizzaro, On September 7, , in Heidelberg, Mendeleev wrote a long letter to his teacher, Russian chemist Aleksandr Abramovich Voskresenskii , professor of chemistry at St.

In February , Mendeleev returned to Russia and gave lectures of the organic chemistry at the university in Petersburg. In , he began working as a professor in the St. Petersburg Technological Institute.

On 12 February, , Mendeleev defended his dissertation and became Doctor of Science. In , he achieved tenure at St. While staying in U. One year later, he received honorary doctorates of two British universities — Oxford and Cambridge Figurovskii, , p.

Scientists agreed that formation of the zero group in the periodic table of elements for the noble gases is necessary Finkelsztejn, Brauner , and professor of the inorganic and analytical chemistry at the Charles University in Prague Figurovskii, , pp. In , the seventh edition of the Principles of Chemistry by Mendeleev, in which the periodic table of elements, contained a separate group of the noble gases Mendeleev, , p.

On September 2, , Mendeleev started to write biographic notes. He concisely described the most important events in his live between and These notes were related to his parents and children, his education and career, surgery of glaucoma in the left eye , and selected holidays spent abroad Mendeleev, , pp. Russian scientist died on the 2 February, , aged 73 years. He was the author of over scientific works in the field of physics, chemistry, and border science — physical chemistry.

Moreover, Mendeleev left several manuscripts. His name is connected not only with the periodic law. Another his discovery was chemical theory of the solutions. His publications are stored in the Museum-Archives at the A. In , Mendeleev elaborated classification of the chemical elements for the first time. All 63 known elements Mendeleev arranged in a table according to increasing atomic weight.

He also left empty places, claiming that they should be fulfilled by undiscovered elements. In , Mendeleev made a few corrections in his table. He, first of all, defined new locations of indium, cerium, thorium, and uranium.

On August 27, , French chemist Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovered predicated by Mendeleev ekaalumini and named it gallium Brush, , p. This element was discovered by Swedish chemist Lars Frederic Nilson in and named scandium Brush, , p. Discovery of germanium by German chemist Clemens Alexander Winkler on the 6th February, , decisively confirmed correctness of the periodic table of the elements defined by Mendeleev Brush, , p.

Mendeleev predicted its existence. Information on the periodic law. Detailed literature studies in the above period of time made Stephen G. Brush analyzed total books in English American and British published in His analysis of the 76 German and French books published in the years — revealed that a short information on the periodic law appeared in 4 books published between and , six books published in the years — , ten books published in — , and seven — in Brush, , p. Stephen G. It was found that such an information was two in American and British books published in — Brush found such an information also in 16 books published between and , and in 20 books published in — Brush, , p.

Brush in his article does not inform the reader whose chemical elements concerned these references. Analysis made by Brush revealed that the final year was Assuming that an information about discovery of three unknown elements predicted by Mendeleev, i.

It was found that a reference concerned discover of two elements only, i. No information about discovery germanium in was found. Appleton wrote in his book:. The periodic table has shown gaps in the series of numbers representing atomic weights.

To one he gave provisional name eka-aluminium. Now in the element gallium was discovered, and it proved to be predicted eka-aluminium. Earlier information on the discovery of the three elements from Mendeleev's predictions were found by the author of this publication in the British book Thorpe, , p. Summing up, the results of the chemical literature review carried out by Brush indicated that the number of authors mentioning both periodic law and discovery of the new elements predicted by Mendeleev was decreasing during 20 years, i.

Detailed analysis of these data revealed that the most of such an information appeared in the books by the British and American authors, the lowest number appeared in the books written by the French chemists Brush, , pp. They also mentioned successful realization of the predictions in the years — discovery of gallium, scandium, and germanium Armitage, , p. In , Mendeleev attended celebrations of the th Anniversary of the University in Leiden Netherlands.

In August , he attended celebrations of the th Anniversary of the University in Uppsala Sweden. He received their Honorary Doctorate Marsden, , pp.

In , Mendeleev visited Berlin to participate in the conference devoted to the th Anniversary of Berliner Prussian Academy of Sciences Figurovskii, , p. Tilden , pp. Posin and Gordon T. Woods The memory of Mendeleev is always vivid, especially in Russia. In the first decade of the XXI century, two articles were published in English. Their authors describe person and achievements of this eminent chemist.

The first article was published under the title D. Mendeleev, being the discoverer of the periodic law and the author of the periodic table of the chemical elements, slowly gained higher publicity in the world of chemistry, since Solov'ev, , pp. In the years , he was elected as a foreign member of several academies of sciences and scientific associations. On the 5 April, , he became member of the Royal Danish Academy in Copenhagen, and on 18 February he was appointed such a member of the Cracow Academy of Sciences Skvortsov, , p.

In , its prove were three medals and membership in the London Chemical Society and Royal Society. In the Chemical Society elected him an Honorary Member, and in it conferred upon him the highest distinction in its power to award, namely the Faraday Lectureship 6 , with which is associated the Faraday Medal.

So far as England is concerned, his services to science received full acknowledgment. It is all the more remarkable, therefore, that he never became a member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. His article about Mendeleev in the Nature he also inserted to the book entitled Essays in Historical Chemistry. His admiration he expressed in the following words:. No man in Russia has exercised a greater or more lasting influence on the development of physical science than Mendeleeff.

His mode of work and of thought is so absolutely his own, the manner of his teaching and lecturing is so entirely original, and the success of the great generalization with which his name and fame are bound up is so strikingly complete, that to the outer world of Europe and America he is to Russia what Berzelius was to Sweden, or Liebig to Germany, or Dumas to France Thorpe, , p.

In , Mendeleev, now 21, took a post as a science teacher at Simferopol School on the Crimean peninsula, where it was hoped that the warmer climate would help him to recover his health. But within a week the Crimean War had begun, British troops landed on the coast, and the school was forced to close. He was transferred to another school in Odessa, further north, and eventually returned to St Petersburg where he spent two years carrying out doctoral research into the interaction of alcohols with water.

He dedicated his doctoral research to his mother:"Conducting a factory, she educated me by her own word, she instructed by example, corrected with love, and to give me the cause of science she left Siberia with me, spending thus her last resources and strength.

When dying she said 'Be careful of illusion; work, search for divine and scientific truth. Dmitri went on to work in Germany, where he attended the Karlsruhe Congress in , the first ever international chemistry conference.

As a result of the congress the chemistry community adopted a unified system of assigning atomic weights, something that would later enable the modern version of the periodic table to come into being. Mendeleev returned to St Petersburg in , worried that Russia was trailing behind Germany in the science of chemistry. He set about trying to rectify the situation, laying out everything he knew in a page Russian-language textbook, Organic Chemistry.

He was still only 27 years old. He was known as a charismatic teacher and lecturer, and held a series of academic and teaching positions throughout the s. Meanwhile, he continued his research. He kept a collection of cards, each of which contained data on a different element. On 17 February , while arranging his cards in order of atomic weight, he suddenly noticed a repeating pattern, whereby elements with similar properties would appear at regular intervals. His father, Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleyev, went blind around the time his final son was born, and died in The scientist's mother, Mariya Dmitriyevna Kornileva, worked as the manager of a glass factory to support herself and her children.

When the factory burned down in , the family moved to St. Mendeleyev attended the Main Pedagogical Institute in St. Petersburg and graduated in After teaching in the Russian cities of Simferopol and Odessa, he returned to St. Petersburg to earn a master's degree. Mendeleyev continued his studies abroad, with two years at the University of Heidelberg. As a professor, Mendeleyev taught first at the St. Petersburg Technological Institute and then at the University of St. Petersburg, where he remained through Realizing he was in need of a quality textbook to cover the subject of inorganic chemistry, he put together one of his own, The Principles of Chemistry.